Booqashadaada daryeelka caafimaad ee caadiga ah waxaa ka mid ah u wadid aad ku aado rug ama xafiis, buuxinta xoogaa waraaqo ah, iyo sugitaanka qof ku soo waca marka bixiyaha uu diyaar kuu yahay.
Ka dib, infekshanka coronavirus.Si lama filaan ah, dad badan ayaa ballamaha uga soo qayb galaya kombayutarka ama taleefoonka, telemedicine-na wuxuu noqday magac qoys.
In kasta oo ballamaha telemedicine-ku ay tobanaan sano jir ahaayeen, haddana waxay ku jiraan darafyada nidaamka daryeelka caafimaadka.Ka dib masiibada ka dhigtay mid aan suurtagal ahayn in loo bixiyo adeegyo caafimaad sidii hore, telemedicine waxay noqotay lama huraan, caqabadaha dib u soo celinta, tignoolajiyada, iyo shatiyada ayaa bilaabay inay yareeyaan.Nidaamyada caafimaadka qaarkood waa in ay ka gudbaan hirgelinta telemedicine-ka yar ilaa 100% kulanno toos ah habeenkii.Bukaanku waxa uu markiiba bilaabay in uu dhakhtar u tago guriga.Xataa deegaanka cisbitaalka, waxay si isa soo taraysa ula falgalayaan bixiyeyaasha daryeelka caafimaadka iyagoo isticmaalaya iPadka.Harlan Krumholz, oo ah borofisar ku takhasusay caafimaadka oo ka tirsan Jaamacadda Yale School of Medicine, ayaa sheegay in horumaradii ugu dambeeyay ee telemedicine ay yihiin "wax aan la qiyaasi karin dadka intooda badan."
Faafida ka hor, bixiyeyaasha daryeelka caafimaadku waxay xaqiiqsadeen in telemedicine-ka ay lama huraan tahay.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sababo kala duwan awgood, oo ay ku jiraan nidaamka lacag-celinta, dhaqanka iyo dookhyada bukaan-socodka, nidaamka isbitaalku weli ma awoodo inuu iska bixiyo.Markii hore, inta badan telemedicine-ka waxaa lagu sameeyay shabakad ka mid ah nidaamyada daryeelka caafimaadka iyo rugaha caafimaadka ee loo yaqaan qaabka "hub", kaas oo khubarada ("xarumaha") ay ku siin doonaan xarumo caafimaad oo yaryar iyo isbitaallo ("hadal") la tashi toos ah..Tusaale ahaan, bukaanku waxa uu aadi karaa xarunta caafimaadka bulshada si uu u arko dhakhtarka maskaxda oo boqolaal mayl u jira.Faafida, qaabkan waxaa si weyn loogu beddelay qaab toos ah oo macaamiisha ah, laakiin meelaha xaddidan ee xawaaraha internetka (dadku waxay u baahan karaan inay aadaan xarumaha bulshada) iyo meelaha fogfog ee u baahan qalab gaar ah oo dheeraad ah Marka laga reebo caafimaadka. beerta, tusaale ahaan bukaanada u baahan in lagu qiimeeyo istaroogga ama cudurrada wadnaha.
Dad badan ayaa la yaabay, u gudubkan ballaaran ee loo gudbayo telemedicine-ka iyo helitaanka shirarka fiidyowga ayaa si fiican u shaqeeya.Ururada daryeelka caafimaadku waxa ay awoodeen in ay ku bixiyaan daryeel badbaado leh oo lagu doodi karo si hufan oo kharash-ool ah bukaanada guriga.Tani waxay sidoo kale ka dhigan tahay fursado badan oo lagu shaqeeyo guriga, oo ay ka faa'iideysanayaan shaqaale badan oo daryeel caafimaad (tusaale, waalidiinta carruurta leh).Intaa waxaa dheer, bixiyaha wuxuu arki karaa gudaha guriga bukaanka, taas oo laga yaabo inay ku caawiso si loo fahmo nolosha bukaanka.
Lauren Eberly, oo ah cilmi-baare caafimaad oo ku takhasusay dawada wadnaha iyo xididdada dhiigga ee Perelman School of Medicine ee Jaamacadda Pennsylvania, ayaa tusaale u soo qaadatay intii lagu jiray booqasho telemedicine ah markii bukaankeedu ay ka hadlayeen daawooyinkeeda.Markii Eberly ay weydiisay wax ku saabsan qaadashada daawo gaar ah, bukaanku wuxuu mooday inay qaadanayso - laakiin ka dib waxay tustay Eberly armaajodeeda daawada, oo aan ku jirin warqadda daawada.Bukaanku wuxuu mooday inay haysato dhammaan dawooyinka ay u baahan tahay, laakiin dhab ahaantii waxay ka maqan tahay hal dawo, taas oo keeni karta cawaaqib xun.
Siyaabo badan, [adeegsiga telemedicine-ka] waxay noqon doontaa mid ka mid ah qodobbada togan ee masiibada,” ayuu yidhi David Bates, oo ah agaasimaha caafimaadka gudaha ee Brigham iyo Isbitaalka Haweenka iyo borofisar ku takhasusay siyaasadda iyo maamulka caafimaadka ee Jaamacadda Harvard.Dugsiga Chen Chen ee Caafimaadka Dadweynaha.
Nidaam telemedicine ah oo xoog leh oo joogto ah ayaa yarayn kara ciriiriga isbitaalka, taas oo u oggolaanaysa bukaanno badan inay ku helaan daryeel guriga iyo dibadda isbitaalka.Tani waxay ku caawin kartaa Bates inay saadaaliso in mustaqbalka, sariiro badan oo isbitaal ah la samayn karo, si ay sidoo kale u noqon karaan unugyada daryeelka degdegga ah ama qaybaha daryeelka guud halkii ay ka ahaan lahaayeen hal ama ka badan.Sidan, cisbitaaladu waxay awood u yeelan doonaan inay "ku faraxsan yihiin" xilliyada baahidu jirto, si la mid ah cosbitaalada California ee soo maray intii lagu jiray aafada.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, horumarka degdega ah ee telemedicine ma aha mid qumman.Bixiyeyaasha iyo bukaannaduba waxay u baahan yihiin inay si dhakhso ah u bartaan aaladda tignoolajiyada cusub, wayna ku adag tahay dadka inay maareeyaan gelitaanka fiidiyowga, ogaadaan sida loo isticmaalo codsiyada shirarka fiidiyowga ama loo ilaaliyo isku xirka internetka xasilloon.Bixiyeyaasha waxaa laga yaabaa inay seegaan tilmaamo aan hadal ahayn iyo dhinacyo kale oo daahsoon oo booqashooyinka bukaanka ah, ama ku guuldareystaan inay muujiyaan naxariis dariiqooyin fool ka fool ah oo dhaqameed, sida bixinta gacmo nasteexo.Goobaha qaarkood ma laha tallaabooyinka amniga ugu fiican.Waxaa intaa dheer, haddii bukaanku u baahan yahay in lagu sameeyo baaritaanno gaar ah, laguma samayn karo oo keliya goobta.
Si ballaaran, masiibada ayaa siisay tijaabooyin habab caafimaad oo badan si ay u qaataan telemedicine si ballaaran.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sida nooc kasta oo beta ah, nooc la hagaajiyay.Si telemedicine-ku u gaadho awooddeeda buuxda, waxay u baahan doontaa qaabab wanaagsan oo ka qaybqaadasho bukaan ah, sida la socodka fog, tusaale ahaan, hab ay dadku ku helaan dhiig karka iyo calaamadaha kale ee muhiimka ah guriga.Bixiyeyaasha daryeelka caafimaadku waxay weli baranayaan xitaa waxyaabaha ugu yaryar, sida inaan loo kulmin sidii caadiga ahayd inta lagu jiro booqashooyinka farsamada.Qalabka telemedicine-ka ayaa sii wadi doona in la hagaajiyo marka la eego isticmaalka, sirta iyo amniga.
Si telemedicine uu u gaaro awoodiisa, waxaan sidoo kale u baahanahay inaan fiiro gaar ah u yeelano cidda laga tagi doono.Taleefannada casriga ah ayaa kaa caawin kara in la xakameeyo kala qaybsanaanta dhijitaalka ah, laakiin kooxo badan, had iyo jeer waxaa jira caqabado helitaanka tignoolajiyada.Tusaale ahaan, dadka ka soo jeeda qowmiyadaha laga tirada badan yahay waxaa lagu gartaa heerarka korsashada ballaaran ee ballaaran iyo kombuyuutarka iyo heerka isticmaalka internetka oo hooseeya.Bukaannada da'da ah waxay yeelan karaan oo keliya taleefoon guri mana heli karaan muuqaal.
Daraasad dhowaan lagu sameeyay bukaannada qorsheynaya inay maraan booqashooyinka telemedicine bilaha ugu horreeya ee cudurka faafa ee coronavirus waxay muujineysaa inay jiraan sinnaan la'aan weyn oo isticmaalka telemedicine.Guud ahaan, isticmaalka telemedicine (ay ku jiraan taleefanka iyo fiidiyowga) ayaa ku hooseeya bukaannada da'da weyn, Aasiyaanka ama kuwa aan Ingiriisiga ku hadlin.Sidoo kale, dadka waaweyn, dheddigga, madow ama Latino, dadka leh xaalad-dhaqaale-dhaqaale hoose waxay si yar u isticmaalaan gelitaanka muuqaalka.
"Waxaan dhisaynaa nidaam cusub oo telemedicine ah, kaas oo na siinaya fursad aan ku xallino dhibaatada," Eberly ayaa sidaas yidhi."Marka la fulinayo, haddii ay tahay tignoolajiyada badan ama ha ahaato wax cusub, waa inaan isticmaalnaa qaab si aan u sii wadno qiimeynta sinnaan la'aanta qaabdhismeedka telemedicine."
Telemedicine waxay u baahan doontaa maalgashi dheeri ah.Xarunta Daryeelka Farshaxan ee Mercy, machad caafimaad oo weyn, ayaa hormuud u ahayd ka caawinta ururada inay tixgeliyaan daryeelka casriga ah.Sida laga soo xigtay Bates, Mercy waxay ku bixisaa qiyaastii 5% dakhligeeda telemedicine, taas oo aad uga badan kharashyada nidaamyada isbitaallada kale ee telemedicine (qiyaastii 0.1% ilaa 0.2% dakhligeeda).
Bates wuxuu yiri: "Waxaan si dhab ah u maalgelinaynaa (telemedicine).""Waxaa jiri doona isbedel mustaqbalka, laakiin waxay qaadan doontaa waqti."
Hagaajinta telemedicine waxay sidoo kale u baahan tahay siyaasad waqti-dheer iyo dib-u-habayn sharciyeed.Kahor faafitaanka cudurka 'coronavirus', in kasta oo telemedicine si wax ku ool ah looga hirgaliyay dhinacyo badan oo xirfadleyaal ah, ma jirin ku dhawaad wax magdhow ah oo loogu talagalay kharashaadka telemedicine.Ka dib markii masiibada lagu dhawaaqay xaalad degdeg ah oo caafimaadka dadweynaha ah, shirkadaha caymiska, iyo sidoo kale Medicare iyo Medicaid, ayaa bixiyay caymiska telemedicine oo la ballaariyay.Congress-ka, dawladda federaalka iyo dawlad goboleedyada ayaa sidoo kale dabciyay sirta bukaanka iyo xeerarka telemedicine.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, badi dib-u-habayntan ayaa la soo saaray si ku meel gaar ah xilliyada xaaladaha degdegga ah ee caafimaadka dadweynaha, iyo in kasta oo cudurku aanu dhammaan, haddana waxay durba bilaabeen inay dib u soo noqdaan.
Fikrad ahaan, heerka magdhowga dhammaan noocyada daryeelka caafimaadka (fool ka-fool, muuqaal iyo taleefan) waa in ay isku mid noqdaan, ma aha oo kaliya ku meel gaar.Sinnaan la'aanteed, bixiyeyaasha bixiya telemedicine (sida booqashooyinka taleefoonka ee dadka la takooro) ayaa lagu ciqaabi doonaa si weyn sababtoo ah qiimaha lacag celintooda ayaa hooseeya.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa jira sababo qaar ka mid ah rajooyinka.Tusaale ahaan, iyadoo la kaashanayo labada dhinac, Sharciga Ilaalinta Telemedicine ee 2021 ka dib COVID-19 iyo Xeerka Casriyeynta Telemedicine ee 2021 ayaa loo soo jeediyay Congress-ka dhawaan.Guddoomiyaha Massachusetts, Charlie Baker, ayaa dhawaan saxeexay biilka dib-u-habaynta daryeelka caafimaadka, kaas oo u baahan in kharashka booqashooyinka telemedicine-ka habdhaqanka uu la mid yahay kharashka booqashooyinka fool-ka-foolka ah ee muddo laba sano ah.Xeerarkan la'aanteed, waxaa jiri doona ugu badnaan hal caymiska telemedicine ee dalka.Laakin daneeyayaasha ma rabaan in ay sameeyaan booqashooyinka telemedicine-ka iyaga oo aan qiimo siin bukaanka.
"Dadku waxay raadsan doonaan isla xisaabtan," ayuu yiri Krumholz.Waxa kale oo uu tilmaamay in maadaama bukaannada sida telemedicine ay badanaa booqdaan dhakhtarka, shirkadaha caymisku waxay sii wadi doonaan inay hoos u dhigaan cadaadiska telemedicine.
Joseph Kvedar, oo ah borofisar ku takhasusay maqaarka oo ka tirsan Dugsiga Caafimaadka Harvard ahna gudoomiyaha Ururka Telemedicine Association, ayaa sheegay in siyaasad lacag celin fudud ay muhiim u tahay sida lacag bixinta.Haddii ay adagtahay, shirkadda caymisku waxay mararka qaarkood diidi kartaa biilka, ama waxaa laga yaabaa in bukaanku helo biil lama filaan ah.
Marka lagu daro habka lacag-celinta, waxaa jira meelo kale oo siyaasadeed oo u baahan in la cusbooneysiiyo.Tusaale ahaan, waxaa jira xaddidaadyo lagu gelayo bukaannada gobollada oo dhan iyada oo loo marayo telemedicine.In kasta oo xaddidaaddani ay macno u leedahay booqashada ugu horreysa, waxaa laga yaabaa inay lagama maarmaan noqoto in la dejiyo shuruudaha oggolaanshaha gobolka si daba-galka ay u noqoto mid si wanaagsan loo sameeyo.Adeegga guud ee ballaadhan ayaa sidoo kale loo baahan yahay.
Mid ka mid ah su'aalaha ugu muhiimsan ee wadista telemedicine waa: Goorma ayay macno u leedahay bixiyeyaasha inay arkaan bukaanada shakhsi ahaan halkii ay ka arki lahaayeen fiidiyowga?Iyadoo ku xiran baahida bukaanka, meelaha qaarkood sida cilmu-nafsiga ayaa laga yaabaa inay aad ugu habboon yihiin la-socod muuqaal ah.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, baahida loo qabo qalab gaar ah awgeed, dad kale (tusaale ahaan, la kulanka dhakhtarka aragga ama maqalka) ayaa meesha ka baxay.
Guud ahaan, ururada daryeelka caafimaadku waxay weli leeyihiin dhibaatooyin aan la xallin, oo ay ku jiraan sida ugu wanaagsan ee loo isticmaalo qaab-dhismeedkooda jireed iyo sida loo kala saaro bukaanka.Laakiin dhibaatooyinkan waa la xallin karaa.Waxa muhiimka ah waa in telemedicine uu leeyahay oo uu sii wadi doono inuu dadka siiyo qiimo weyn.
"Waxaan arki doonaa oo kaliya koritaankiisa.Weli waxaa jira wax badan oo la baranayo, laakiin tani waa waqti xiiso leh. "Krumholz ayaa yidhi.
Cusbooneysii Maarso 1, 2021: Maqaalkan waa la cusboonaysiiyay si uu u muujiyo in Joseph Kovdal uu hadda yahay guddoomiyaha Ururka Telemedicine Association.
Future Tense waa lammaane Slate, New America iyo Jaamacadda Gobolka Arizona, oo u heellan cilmi baarista tignoolajiyada soo baxaya, siyaasadda guud iyo bulshada.
Slate waxay ku tiirsan tahay xayaysiisyada si ay u taageerto saxafadayada.Haddii aad qiimeyso shaqadayada, fadlan jooji xannibahaaga xayaysiiska
Markaad ku biirto Slate Plus, waxaad taageeri doontaa shaqadeena oo waxaad heli doontaa waxyaabo gaar ah.Oo mar dambe ma arki doontid farriintan.
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Waqtiga boostada: Mar-02-2021